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Time Evolution of a Short Circuit Current

​
frequency [Hz]
50
60
X-R ratio
fault angle [º]
time t (s)
When a short circuit occurs in a power system, the time evolution of the fault current depends mainly on the system's
X
-
R
(reactance to resistance) ratio and on the fault occurrence angle (measured relative to the system's voltage) [1].
This Demonstration shows a typical short circuit current (plotted in red) for a single phase, assuming no load current before time
t=0
for simplicity. The fault current's DC exponentially decaying component is also plotted, as well as the positive and negative envelopes; these three components are plotted in dashed lines. The sinusoidal voltage is plotted in black.
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