WOLFRAM|DEMONSTRATIONS PROJECT

Normal Lines to a Parabola

​
a
0.5
x
0
2
y
0
3
g(x, y) =
0.0833333
2
x
+0.000685871
3
(6.y+1)
= 0
g(
x
0
,
y
0
) =
176.
The normal line to the graph of parabola
y=a
2
x
at the point
(t,a
2
t
)
,
t≠0
is
y-a
2
t
=-
1
2at
(x-t)
, or equivalently
3
t
+
1-2ay
2
2
a
t-
x
2
2
a
=0
. The number of real roots of a reduced cubic
3
t
+pt+q
depends on the sign of
4
3
p
+27
2
q
. So the number of normal lines to
y=a
2
x
through
(x,y)
depends on the sign of
g(x,y)=4
3
1-2ay
2
2
a
+27
2
x
2
2
a
. If
g(x,y)>0
, there is one normal line to
y=a
2
x
through
(x,y)
; if
g(x,y)=0,(x,y)≠0,
1
2a
, there are two normal lines; and if
g(x,y)<0
, there are three. (For the cusp
0,
1
2a
, the only normal line is
x=0
.)