Kinematics of a Redundant Anthropomorphic Arm with Seven Degrees of Freedom
Kinematics of a Redundant Anthropomorphic Arm with Seven Degrees of Freedom
The anthropomorphic arm with seven degrees of freedom (DoF) includes redundancy, since the number of joints () is greater than the dimension of the manipulation variables, which have three position coordinates and three orientation angles (). Although the set of nonlinear trigonometric equations cannot typically be solved analytically, there are some robot structures that are solvable analytically. Pieper proposed a decoupling method [1]; the sufficient condition for solvability is when the 6-DoF robot has three consecutive revolute joints with axes intersecting in one point. Another generalized inverse is the inertia-weighted pseudoinverse Jacobian matrix, a kind of resolved motion rate control technique, proposed by Whitney [2], which is used to minimize energy by using the inertia matrix as the weighting matrix.
n=7
m=6
This Demonstration solves the inverse kinematics of a 7-DoF anthropomorphic arm with a decoupling hybrid algorithm. It uses a Newton–Raphson numerical technique and a pseudoinverse Jacobian matrix to solve the shoulder and elbow 4-DoF component for end-effector position and applies an analytical method to solve the wrist 3-DoF component for end-effector orientation.