A Dissection Proof of Pythagoras's Theorem

This Demonstration constructs a proof of Pythagoras's theorem, which states that in a right-angled triangle with adjacent sides of length

a

and

b

and hypotenuese of length

c

,

2

a

+

2

b

=

2

c

. Geometrically this says that the sum of the areas of the two squares of side

a

and

b

equals the area of the square of side

c

. The proof works by splitting up the squares into pieces and matching pairs of equal area.

1. Part of the

a

square covers the

b

square, so its two pieces must be matched to pieces of equal area twice. The original triangle is part of both the

a

square and the

c

square, so it matches itself, but the trapezoidal piece inside the

b

square must still be matched once (as part of the last step).

2. These three triangles are identical.

3. These two trapezoids have the same area.

4. These two trapezoids also have the same area.

5. There are two pieces left in the

a

square (blue). They match the two pieces of the original triangle, which has the same area as the other half of the rectangle formed from the original triangle (green). The two pieces there match the remaining two pieces in the

c

square (blue).