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Catenate[Table[{t,#}&/@FindDeadEnds[ResourceFunction["WolframModel"][{{1,2},{1,3}}{{2,4},{4,3},{3,1}},Automatic,#,"LayeredCausalGraph"]&,t],{t,20}]]
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ListPlot[%]
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FindDeadEnds[ResourceFunction["WolframModel"][{{1,2},{1,3}}{{2,4},{4,3},{3,1}},Automatic,#,"LayeredCausalGraph"]&,17]
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{43,48,56,58,66,68,70,74,76,78,80,82,88,89,91,93}
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ResourceFunction["WolframModel"][{{x,x},{y,x}}{{y,y},{y,z},{y,z},{z,x},{w,z}},{{1,1},{1,1},{1,1},{1,1}},15,"LayeredCausalGraph"]
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ResourceFunction["WolframModel"][{{x,x},{y,x}}{{y,y},{y,z},{y,z},{z,x},{w,z}},{{1,1},{1,1},{2,1},{1,1}},15,"LayeredCausalGraph"]
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ResourceFunction["WolframModel"][{{x,x},{y,x}}{{y,y},{y,z},{y,z},{z,x},{w,z}},{{1,1},{1,1},{2,1},{1,1},{2,2},{2,2}},20,"LayeredCausalGraph"]
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ResourceFunction["WolframModel"][{{x,y,z},{u,x}}{{x,u,v},{z,y},{z,u}},Join[Table[{1,1},4],Table[{1,1,1},2],{{1,2},{1,1,2}}],30,"LayeredCausalGraph"]
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{{x,y,z},{u,x}}{{x,u,v},{z,y},{z,u}}