Gielis's Superformula for Complex Shapes

scale a

1

period

p

1

1

period

p

2

1

n

0

2

n

1

2

n

2

2

rotate

0

The superformula proposed by Gielis [1], a generalization of Piet Hein's superellipse, can be used to describe a wide range of forms, many of which are similar to natural structures.