In[]:=
ExternalEvaluate["Python","2+2"]
StartProcess
:无法找到程序 powershell. 检查 Environment[PATH].
ExternalEvaluate
:Error while installing virtual environment.
Out[]=
Failure

Message:
Error while installing virtual environment.
Tag:
ExternalEvaluateFailure

In[]:=
ExternalEvaluate["Shell","2+2"]
ExternalEvaluate
:The process for external system Shell failed to start.
Out[]=
Failure

Message:
The process for external system Shell failed to start.
Tag:
ProcessError

In[]:=
Environment["PATH"]
Out[]=
C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\Wolfram\15.0\SystemFiles\Libraries\Windows-x86-64;C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\Wolfram\15.0;C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\Wolfram\15.0\SystemFiles\FrontEnd\Binaries\Windows-x86-64;C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\Wolfram\15.0\SystemFiles\Kernel\Binaries\Windows-x86-64;C:\Program Files (x86)\Razer\ChromaBroadcast\bin;C:\Program Files\Razer\ChromaBroadcast\bin;C:\tools\path_manual_overrides;C:\Program Files\gsudo\Current;C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin;C:\Program Files\CMake\bin;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\system32;C:\tools\msys64\ucrt64\bin;C:\tools\msys64\usr\bin;C:\tools\msys64\mingw64\bin\;C:\Windows\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\tools\c3;C:\tools\cabal\bin;C:\tools\flutter\bin;C:\tools\ghcup\bin;C:\tools\gurobi\gurobi1100\win64\bin;C:\tools\openjdk\jdk-24.0.1\bin;C:\tools\ucm-windows-x64;C:\tools\ucm-windows-x64\unison;C:\tools\7-Zip-Zstandard;C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\bin;C:\Program Files\Amazon Corretto\jdk21.0.7_6\bin;C:\Program Files\dotnet\;C:\Program Files\Calibre2\;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Program Files\Eclipse Adoptium\jdk-21.0.7.6-hotspot\bin;C:\Program Files\GitHub CLI\;C:\Program Files\ImageMagick-7.1.1-Q16-HDRI;C:\Program Files\Meson\;C:\Program Files\Microsoft\jdk-21.0.7.6-hotspot\bin;C:\Program Files\NVIDIA Corporation\Nsight Compute 2020.1.1\;C:\Program Files\NVIDIA Corporation\NVIDIA app\NvDLISR;C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.0\bin;C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v11.0\libnvvp;C:\Program Files\Razer Chroma SDK\bin;C:\Program Files\Razer\ChromaBroadcast\bin;C:\Program Files\RedHat\Podman\;C:\Program Files\Semeru\jdk-21.0.7.6-openj9\bin;C:\Program Files\Zulu\zulu-21\bin\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Elm\0.19.1\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\Gpg4win\..\GnuPG\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;C:\Program Files (x86)\Razer Chroma SDK\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\Razer\ChromaBroadcast\bin;C:\Users\gravifer\.dotnet\tools;C:\Program Files\Git\cmd;C:\Program Files\Go\bin;C:\texlive\2025\bin\windows;;C:\Program Files\WireGuard\;C:\WINDOWS\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Muse Hub\lib;;C:\Program Files\Tailscale\;C:\Pro;C:\Program Files\Yubico\YubiKey Manager CLI\;C:\WINDOWS\system32\config\systemprofile\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Muse Hub\lib;C:\Program Files\Cloudflare\Cloudflare WARP\;C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\WolframScript\;C:\Program Files\Docker\Docker\resources\bin;C:\Program Files\PowerToys\DSCModules\;C:\Program Files (x86)\PowerShell\7\;C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Windows\System32\;C:\Ruby34-x64\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.elan\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.cargo\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.dotnet\tools;C:\Users\gravi\gitrepos\Tools\vcpkg\;C:\Users\gravi\go\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.local\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.moon\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.nimble\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.pixi\bin;C:\Users\gravi\scoop\shims;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Apps\Janet\bin\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Coursier\data\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\gitkraken\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\koka\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WinGet\Links;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Muse Hub\lib;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\pixi\bin\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\EmEditor;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\MiKTeX\miktex\bin\x64\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\nu\bin\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\oh-my-posh\bin\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\opam\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python312\Scripts\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python312\;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Roaming\fnm\node-versions\v23.6.1\installation;C:\Users\gravifer\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Users\gravifer\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WinGet\Links;C:\tools;C:\tools\dafny;C:\tools\hexyl;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\Zed\bin;C:\Users\gravi\.bun\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\cursor\resources\app\bin;C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Keybase\;;C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\Wolfram\15.0\SystemFiles\Links\DatabaseLink\Java\Libraries\Windows-x86-64
In[]:=
ExternalEvaluators[]
Out[]=
ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Python
​
EvaluatorID: default-python-evaluator
Dependencies: {numpy,zmq,pyarrow,tzdata}
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Python
Evaluator: C:\Users\gravi\anaconda3\python.exe
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Python
Evaluator: C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python312\python.exe
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: R
EvaluatorID: default
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Java
Evaluator: C:\Program Files\Wolfram Research\Wolfram\15.0\SystemFiles\Links\JLink\JLink.jar
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Ruby
Evaluator: C:\Ruby34-x64\bin\ruby.exe
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Shell
Evaluator: cmd
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Shell
Evaluator: C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: Shell
Evaluator: C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: SQL
Database: C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Roaming\Wolfram\ApplicationData\ExternalEvaluate\Envs\SQL\DB.sql
,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: SQL-JDBC
Evaluator: DatabaseReference
Name: C:\Users\gravi\AppData\Roaming\Wolfram\ApplicationData\ExternalEvaluate\Envs\SQL\DB.sql
Backend: SQLite

,ExternalEvaluatorObject
System: CUDA
Evaluator: CUDALink

ExternalEvaluate[ExternalEvaluators[][[7]],"echo 1"](*cmd*)
ExternalEvaluate
:The process for external system Shell failed to start.
Out[]=
Failure

Message:
The process for external system Shell failed to start.
Tag:
ProcessError

In[]:=
ExternalEvaluate[ExternalEvaluators[][[8]],"echo 1"](*cmd.exe*)
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {176} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {161} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {163} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
General
:在本次计算中，$CharacterEncoding::utf8 的进一步输出将被抑制.
1
Out[]=
Success
✓
Command: echo 1
ExitCode: 0

In[]:=
$Language
Out[]=
ChineseSimplified
ExternalEvaluate[ExternalEvaluators[][[8]],"chcp"](*runninginWindowsTerminalgets
活动代码页: 936
*)
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {176} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {161} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {163} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
General
:在本次计算中，$CharacterEncoding::utf8 的进一步输出将被抑制.
»´úÂëҳ: 936
Out[]=
Success
✓
Command: chcp
ExitCode: 0

In[]:=
ExternalEvaluate[ExternalEvaluators[][[9]],"chcp"]
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {176} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {230,200} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
$CharacterEncoding
:字节序列 {203,249} 不能被解释为以 UTF-8 字符编码的字符.
General
:在本次计算中，$CharacterEncoding::utf8 的进一步输出将被抑制.
»´úÂëҳ: 936
Out[]=
Success
✓
Command: chcp
ExitCode: True

I’m usually using PowerShell v7 rather than the windows pre-packaged powershell, which for
chcp
returns
Activecodepage:65001
.